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活(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)装置处理有(you)(you)(you)机(ji)废(fei)(fei)气(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)原理是(shi)在一定的(de)(de)(de)温度和(he)压力(li)(li)(li)下，当活(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)与(yu)有(you)(you)(you)机(ji)废(fei)(fei)气(qi)(qi)(qi)接触时(shi)(shi)，有(you)(you)(you)机(ji)废(fei)(fei)气(qi)(qi)(qi)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)于(yu)(yu)(yu)活(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)的(de)(de)(de)细孔(kong)(kong)中。气(qi)(qi)(qi)、固相开(kai)始接触时(shi)(shi)，对有(you)(you)(you)机(ji)废(fei)(fei)气(qi)(qi)(qi)中的(de)(de)(de)甲苯、二(er)甲苯、苯乙烯(xi)及丙酮等有(you)(you)(you)机(ji)物的(de)(de)(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)是(shi)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)过程，在活(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)的(de)(de)(de)众多(duo)微(wei)(wei)孔(kong)(kong)中分为大(da)(da)中小三种孔(kong)(kong)，只(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)微(wei)(wei)小孔(kong)(kong)是(shi)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)力(li)(li)(li)军，活(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)具有(you)(you)(you)微(wei)(wei)晶(jing)结构(gou)，微(wei)(wei)晶(jing)排(pai)列完全不(bu)规则，晶(jing)体(ti)(ti)中有(you)(you)(you)微(wei)(wei)孔(kong)(kong)（半径(jing)小于(yu)(yu)(yu)20〔埃〕＝10-10米）、过渡孔(kong)(kong)（半径(jing)20～1000）、大(da)(da)孔(kong)(kong)（半径(jing)1000～100000），使它(ta)具有(you)(you)(you)很大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)内(nei)表面，比表面积为500～1700米2／克。这(zhei)决定了活(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)具有(you)(you)(you)良好的(de)(de)(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，可(ke)以吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)废(fei)(fei)水(shui)和(he)废(fei)(fei)气(qi)(qi)(qi)中的(de)(de)(de)金属离(li)子、有(you)(you)(you)害(hai)气(qi)(qi)(qi)体(ti)(ti)、有(you)(you)(you)机(ji)污染物、色素等。工业(ye)上(shang)应用(yong)活(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)还要(yao)求机(ji)械强度大(da)(da)、耐磨性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)好，风(feng)阻小。它(ta)的(de)(de)(de)结构(gou)力(li)(li)(li)求稳(wen)定，吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)所需(xu)能(neng)(neng)量小，以有(you)(you)(you)利于(yu)(yu)(yu)再生。活(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)用(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)油(you)脂、饮料、食品、饮用(yong)水(shui)的(de)(de)(de)脱色、脱味，气(qi)(qi)(qi)体(ti)(ti)分离(li)、溶剂(ji)(ji)(ji)回收(shou)和(he)空气(qi)(qi)(qi)调节，用(yong)作(zuo)催化剂(ji)(ji)(ji)载(zai)体(ti)(ti)和(he)防毒面具的(de)(de)(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)剂(ji)(ji)(ji)。随着时(shi)(shi)间的(de)(de)(de)延长，活(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)细孔(kong)(kong)中吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)质浓度的(de)(de)(de)不(bu)断(duan)增大(da)(da)，吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)速度会不(bu)断(duan)减慢，直到(dao)活(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)达到(dao)饱和(he)状态(tai)。此时(shi)(shi)，吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)速度和(he)解吸(xi)(xi)(xi)速度达到(dao)动(dong)态(tai)平衡，气(qi)(qi)(qi)、固相之(zhi)间的(de)(de)(de)传递相等。活(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)在这(zhei)时(shi)(shi)需(xu)要(yao)进(jin)行解吸(xi)(xi)(xi)脱附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)再生。